Lock



H. H. RAUH May 5, 1942.

LOCK

0 8 i AJ 9/ /Uw W56 7u. w M" mM 1w .IMU ma) ,6. W n/U\| n 1 \7 M1 5 6Filed Aug. 2?, 1940 Patented May 5, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICELOCK Herbert H. Rauh, Columbus, Ohio Application August 27, 1940, SerialNo. 354,388

12 Claims.

This invention relates to locks, and refers to cylinder type tumblerlocks particularly.

As is well known, many attempts have been made in the past to increasethe surety of locks of this type against picking. This inventionlikewise is directed toward improvement in this respect, and to thisend, has as one of its objects to provide a lock so designed that thecylinder may be forcibly turned a limited extent out of its normallocked positionas in an attempt to pick the lock so as to disalign thetumbler receiving openings of the cylinder and its casing, and therebypreclude jarring the tumblers to their unlocking positions.

Another object of this invention is to provide a lock of the characterdescribed wherein at least one of the mutually engageable surfaces ofthe tumbler and its openings is resilient to permit a limited degree offorced rotation of the cylinder.

More specifically, it is an object of this invention to provide a lockof the character described wherein rubber or a similar material isutilized to provide the necessary resiliency at the abutting surfaces ofthe tumblers and their openings to allow limited forced rotation of thecylinder.

With the above and other objects in view which will appear as thedescription proceeds, this invention resides in the novel construction,combination and arrangement of parts substantially as hereinafterdescribed, and more particularly defined by the appended claims, itbeing understood that such changes in the precise embodiment of thehereindisclosed invention may be made as come within the scope of theclaims.

The accompanying drawing illustrates several complete examples of thephysical embodiment of the invention constructed in accordance with thebest modes so far devised for the practical application of theprinciples thereof, and in which:

Figure 1 is a cross sectional view through a conventional pin typetumbler lock, illustrating the application of this invention thereto;

Figure 2 is a view similar to Figure 1, illustrating how limited forcedrotation of the cylinder is permitted to guard against picking of thelock;

Figure 3 is a view similar to Figure 1, illustrating a slightly modifiedembodiment of the invention;

Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional View through the lock shown inFigure 3;

Figure 5 is a perspective view, illustrating for the locks shown inFigures 1 to 4, inclusive; and

Figure 6 is a cross sectional view through a flat plate type tumblerlock, illustrating the application of this invention thereto.

Referring now particularly to the accompanying drawing in which likenumerals indicate like parts, the numeral 5 designates the mountingmember or casing of a pin type tumbler lock, which has a bore G toreceive a cylinder l. The mounting member or casing also has a pluralityof radial ybores 8 opening to the bore 6 for the another manner ofconstructing the tumblers 55.

reception of pin tumblers 9. These tumblers are yieldingly projectedinto the bore E by springs ID and when the cylinder isin its lockedposition of rotation and a key is not in place therein, the tumblers areprojected by their springs into radial bores II in the cylinder. The pintumblers in this position extendacross the line of parting between thecylindrical surface of the cylinder and the casing bore, and thus securethe cylinder against turning.

The openings II communicate with a keyway I2, as is customary, int-owhich a proper key I3 may be inserted to lift drivers I4 slidablymounted in the openings II. The drivers I4 are of such lengths that whena properly bitted key is inserted, the junctures of all of the tumblersand their drivers are on the line of parting between the cylinder andthe casing bore so that theI cylinder is free to be turned.

Ordinarily, the tumblers and their drivers are formed from round metalstock and have a fairly snug sliding engagement in their respectiveopenings. 'With such conventional construction, the lock could be pickedby means of a picking tool insertabl'e into the keyway to vibrate thedrivers while a 'turning force is constantly maintained on the cylinderby an instrument inserted into the mouth of the keyway, this beingpossible by virtue of the fact that as the tumblers are jarred to theirunlocked positions, the twist on the cylinder would be suicient todispose a shoulder under the tumbler and prevent its return to lockingposition.

With the present invention, this scheme of picking the lock is entirelyprecluded for the instant a turning force is applied to the cylinder, asis done at the initiation of an attempt to pick the lock, the tumbleropenings of the cylinder and casing are disaligned, as illustrated inFigure 2. vThis is made possible by the fact that the mutuallyengageable surfaces between the tumblers and their bores, or at leastone of them, is

resilient.

parent from Figure 2, the cylinder may be forcibly turned out of itsnormal position, and thereafter, jarring ofthe tumblers to unlockedpositions is impossible.

The desired resiliency may also be obtained by providing the mountingmember or casing and the cylinder with compressible inserts I5 and l l,

respectively, as shown in Figures 3- and 4. In

this instance, the casing and the cylinder have their tumbler receivingbores 8 and Il, respectively, opening to elongated recesses 8 and I9,

respectively, in which the inserts I6 and IT are secured. These insertshave. bores which align with and continue the tumbler receiving bores 8kand 9.

With this construction, the tumblers and their drivers may be of solidmetal,` as in the conven tional pin tumbler locks, or the sameconstruction as illustrated in Figures 1 and 2 may be employed whereinthe medial portions of the tumblers and' their drivers have their outerwall surfaces resilient.

While it is' desirable tofhave the end portionsv of the tumblers anddrivers which'engage' each other, metal for their entire diameter, aconstruction such as illustrated in Figure 5 may be employed wherein therubber collar 20 extends directlyto one end of the tumbler or driver.

InA the case of flat plate tumbler, locks, such as illustrated' inFigure 6,` the invention is applied either by providing. resilientinserts in the casing 2l oron the tumblers 22, or both, as illustratedin Figure 6. In this type of lock, as is4 well known, the cylindercarries a plurality of plate tumblers 22 yieldingly urged by individualsprings 23 to project oneend thereof into a tumbler receiving groovev24: in the mounting member or casing. Theinsertion of a properly bittedkey retracts all of these plate tumblers within the lock cylinder andfrees the cylinder for rotation.

To enable a limited degree of forced rotation in this construction', thewalls of the tumbler receiving grooves 24 maybe formed by rubberinsertsv 25, or` the side edges of the tumblers 22 mayhave' inserts 26applied thereto. In the construction shown, both of thesey expedientsare utilized, but it will be readily appreciated that either one aloneYwould suffice:

In' allinstances, the` rubber used is'of a semisoftvariety and issecuredA in position by being vulcanized to itsv carrying part or by anyother suitable method.

From the foregoing description taken in connection withA theaccompanying drawing, it will be readily apparent to those skilled inthe art that this invention provides a cylinder type tumbler lock whichcannot be picked in the ccnl.

ventional manner by virtue of the fact that it permits a degree offorced rotation of the cylinder so as to disalign the tumbler openingsin the cylinder and casing,and thereby preclude jarring the tumblers toan unlocking position.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. In a lock having a bored mounting member and a lock cylinder movabletherein: a tumbler carried by the cylinder and engageable with themounting member to hold the same against T movement, said tumbler havinga resilient portion located to engage the mounting member in the normalposition of the tumbler so that a degree of movement is permitted thecylinder while the tumbler is in its operative position.

2. A lock of the character described in which relatively movable partsare secured against relative motion by key controlled tumblers whichextend across the line of parting between said parts, the portion of thesurface of each tumbler which extends across the line oi parting betweensaid parts being resilient.

3. A lock of the character described in which relatively movable partsare secured against relative motion by key controlled tumblers whichextend across the line of parting between said parts, the portion of thewall of the tumbler opening in one of` said parts being resilientadjacent to the line of parting between said parte.

4. In a lock of the character described: a casing member having a bore;a cylinder member in the bore, said members having openings adapted tobe aligned so that the wall surfaces of the openings form substantiallycontinuations oi each other; a tumbler movable in said openings andpositionable across the line of parting between the cylinder and thebore with its wall surfaces in sliding engagement with the wall surfacesof the openings, and one of said wall surlaces being resilient to allowlimited relative motion between said members.

5. In a lock of the character described: a casing member having a bore;a cylinder member mounted therein, said members having tumbler openingsadapted to be aligned; tumblers movable in said openings andpositionable across the line of parting between the cylinder and casingmembers, and said tumblers having resilient outer surfaces to engage thesurfaces of the tumbler openings so that a limited degree of forcedrelative motion between said members is possible.

6. In a lock of the character described: a casing member having a bore;a cylinder member mounted therein, said members having openings adaptedto be aligned; a tumbler movable in said openings and positionableacross the line of parting between the members, and one of said membershaving the Wall of its opening adjacent to the line of parting resilientso that a degree of relative motion between said members may be forciblyeffected.

'7. In a lock of the character described: a casing member having a bore;a cylinder member mounted therein, said members having openings adaptedto be aligned; a tumblermovable in said openings and positionable acrossthe line of parting between the members, and both of said members havingthe Wall of their openings adjacent to the line of parting resilient sothat a degree of relative motion between said members maybe forciblyeected.

8. In a lock of the character described: a member having a tumblerreceiving opening; a tumbler movable in said opening, said tumbler andthe tumbler opening having Wall surfaces adapted for 'mutual contact,and one of said surfaces being resilient.

9. In a lock: a casing member having a bore; a cylinder member movablein the bore; said casing member having a tumbler receiving openingcommunicating with its bore; a tumbler carried by the cylinder andprojectible into said Opening, said tumbler and the tumbler openinghaving mutually 1 engageable surfaces, and one of said surfaces beingresilient s ci-that a, degree ci relative motion between said membersmay beforcibly effected.

10. In a lock of the character described: a casing member having a bore;a cylinder member mounted therein; a tumbler receiving opening in one ofsaid members; a tumbler carried by the other of said members andprojectible into the tumbler receiving opening so as to extend acrossthe line of parting between said members, said tumbler and the tumblerreceiving opening having mutually engageable surfaces, and one of saidsurfaces being resilient.

11. In a lock of the character described: a casing member having a bore;a cylinder member rotatable in the bore; the casing member having aplurality of tumbler receiving openings co'mmunicating with its bore;the cylinder member having openings adapted to be aligned with thetumbler receiving openings; tumblers slidable in said casing member@openings and projectible into the-cylinder member so as to extend acrossthe line of parting between said members, and said tumblers havingresilient outer surfaces at their portions which extend across the lineof parting so that the cylinder member may be forcibly turned a limitedamount.

l2. A pin type tifimbler lock in which the cylinder mounted in a casingbore is held against turning by spring propelled tumblers projectibleinto the cylinder, wherein key operable drivers lift the tumbleifs tofree the cylinder for rotation, the tumblerspr the walls of the openingsin which they are received being resilient adjacent to the line ofparting between the cylinder and the casing so as -togenable a degree offorced rotation of the cylinder, in the casing.

HERBERT H. RAUH.

